Roofing of dual-form shingles



Aug. 25 1959 H. ABRAHAM ROOFING OF DUAL-FORM SHINGLES 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed June 27, 1955 FIG. 2.

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INVENTOR.

HERBERT ABRAHAM ATTORNEY Aug. 25, 1959 H. ABRAHAM 2,900,923

ROOFING OF DUAL-FORM SHINGLES Filed June 27, 1955 v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR.

HERBERT AB RAHAlM .BiY

ATTORNEY United States Patent r noorrno F nUAmFoRM iSIIINGEES .Herbert Abraham, fNew lYoi ik iN.Y., .assignor 'tol-The f Riiheroid C0,,"f New" 0rk,' N;"Y.,, a corporation of New Jersey Applicationrlune 27, .1955, SerialNo.:518,315

2'-Claims. "(Chili's- 7) invention relates to a-iroofingrofzidualeform sshin- :gles. '-While it is= intended particularly: for composition shingles df the kind commonly -known as asphaltfishinglesy'it may be applied- -to shingles .of' o'ther materials.

objectof the invention is to provide a rodfing composed of courses 'of' shinglesgeaeh course-consisting of shingles of 1 two 'diiferent but 'interrelated shapes; which ':-when --'applied upon. a roof sui 'face effect a 1 covering of uniform rectangular exposure patter-Ha es th'ough formed :er a multiplicity of shingles of the same shape rather than of two different shapes, and that t simulate 'the ap- "pearance of anrodfing composed ofthe popular type of "square-butt" shingles.

Another object is to; provide dual form 'shin'gl'es of 'su'ch interrelated shapes that they may becut without waste from a'web or sheet ofroofing materialflin -a single operation. i

furth'er object "is to provide dual 'form shingles 'consisting ofprirnary form and secondary form shingles, which when applied in courseshavethe lower edges or butts of the shingles off thejprimaiy form of each course nailed down, and the lower edges or butts of the secondary formshingles "of the same course locked 'down, with- -out nailing, overthejointsandcovering the nail'heads of the primary formshingles.

A still further object is' to provide dual-form shingles that are economical of material both in production and as a roof covering.

Another object is to provide dual-form shingles that are self-aligning both horizontally and vertically.

For the purpose of the following specification and claims, two forms of shingles will be referred to as the primary form and the secondary form, respectively.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a shingle of the primary form;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of a shingle of the secondary form;

Fig. 3 is a view showing a manner of cutting the shingles of the two forms from a web of roofing material without waste;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of two shingles of the primary form laid side by side, and showing the position of the two nails driven into each of those shingles in fastening them to a roof deck;

Fig. 5 is a similar view showing a shingle of the secondary form overlaid upon two adjacent primary form shingles with its lower edge or butt locked down, and further showing the position of a single nail driven into the secondary shingle;

Fig. 6 is a view showing a shingle'of the primary form applied upon interlocked shingles of the primary and secondary forms of the course immediately below;

Fig. 7 is a plan view on a reduced scale of a fragmentary section of a roofing composed of the dual-form shingles;

Fig. 8 is a plan view of a modified form of the primary shingle; and

ice

152 Fig. 9 is asplani viewxofa modified form of. theasecondary shingle.

10 indicates a Jshingle. of .the ;primary form shaving straight, parallel,.:lower .andphpper :edges :11. and 1 12, re- "spect ively. One sideeor end :of .this 1 shingle, has .in the present: instance .theileft. hand side :13,::is formed-with r: projection having anstraight vertical edge .14. .ffihesop- .posite-side 1 5:ist cut in step-:like forrn zthevertical eglge '16 of the middle..step .being of .the sarneriheight :tas the edge 14: attthe opposite side,sandtithe.lowermostvstepIt-U being complementary in size and shape to .theilower portion of :said opposite side. Two. verticalr slits or: slots '18 are cut upwardly: from the ilo'wereedgelll.

'i Shingle- 19of thensecondaryr'form has ilockingitabs 20 projectingfioutwardly at bothtsi'des".ofcits =1owerredget21.

The upper -edge of each lockingtah: is preferably inclined,

"as 1 shown. This shingle ihas. a: straight upper :edge .23 parallel to the lower edge 21, and has =one of titssideaeclges,

24 cut with an indentation 25 thereinaand' has: its opposite "side edge 26'formed in steps. .The indentations25r1lis 'nhe complement; in reverse of the projection I :13 10f therzpri- -marygshingle 10, and the edge 26 of :shingle 1 l9zis :complernentary inform, in reverse," to theedge-15mfnshingle Dual shingles of 'theseforms maybe cut from a web or In applying the roofing, 'asshown in gs. 4 and '5,

shingles- 10 of'the primary forms-are laid side byside in acourse, asfor instance "course-A, -eachsuchshingle/ 0f said course being secured at its lower corners by-na'ils "*27 *atapproximately the position indicated. Thereupon a "secondary-shingle 1 9 ofcourse A-is applied over the joint between two adjacent shingles l o of; the same-course so as to cover the joint aridthe heads of the nails 27.

Each secondary shingle 1 9 is secured by a nail 28 driven into it atits-upper right-handcorner; the lower edge or butt 21 of the shingle being locked-down by engagement of its tabs 20 in the proximate slits 18 of two adjacent primary shingles 10, as shown in Fig. 5.

In laying the primary shingles 10 of the next upper course B, as indicated in Fig. 6, the upper corner portion 29 of the secondary shingle 19 of the underlying course A provides a guide by which the shingle .10 of the upper course B is laid with the proper extent of headlap. In other words, the lower step or corner 17 of shingle 10B is laid over and in registration with the upper corner portion 29 of the shingle 19A of the course below. The succeeding shingles 10 and 19 of the upper course B are applied and secured in the same manner as shown in Fig. 5 with respect to shingle forms 10 and 19 of course A.

When the dual form shingles are applied and secured in overlapping courses as described, the resultant roof covering will present uniformly shaped rectangular exposed portions 30, in horizontally staggered relation, that simulate in a manner the appearance of :a roofing formed of conventional square-butt shingles.

Both shingles 10 and 19 are 12 inches in height and are designed to be laid with a 4 inch headlap and 8 inch exposure. The lower edge 11 of shingle 10 is 24 inches in length, while the lower edge 21 of shingle 19 is sixteen inches in length. The width between the pair of locking tabs 20 of shingle 19 is 12 inches and corresponds to the Y spacing between the two slits 18 proximate to the abutting edges of two adjacent shingles 10 and also to the spacing between the slits 18 of a single shingle 10. Accordingly, when the shingles are laid as described, the widths of the exposed portions 30 of all will be the same. The height of each slit 18 is 2% inches, being the same surface.

as the vertical distance between the lower edge 21 of shingle 19 and the inner corner of each of its locking tabs 20. Three rows of shingles of these dimensions may be conveniently cut widthwise of a conventional sheet or web of roofing material of 36 inch width without waste.

With dual-form shingles of the sizes and dimensions described, it requires only about 150 units, and only about 225 square feet of material to cover a square of roof The dimensions stated apply to the preferred dual-form of shingles, as well as to the modified forms hereinafter described. It is to be understood, however, that the specific dimensions stated may be varied somewhat and are given by way of example only and not of limitation.

The modified forms of primary and secondary shingles illustrated in Figs. 8 and 9 difier from those shown in Figs.

1 and 2 in that the two sides, both of the primary shingle 10 and the secondary shingle 19', respectively, are alike in shape instead of being of difierent shapes. The man- -ner.of cutting and applying the modified shingles is substantially the same as that described with the shingles of In this instance, however, the sides with the predetermined extent of headlap.

While for the sake of appearance it is preferred to form a roofing having uniform exposure patterns throughout, 1 this is not an essential requirement because by spacing the slits 18 of shingle 10 differently other exposure efr fects may be obtained. A critical feature, however, 'is

that the slits 18'be so spaced that when any two shingles .10 are laid side by side, the distance between their proximate slits will be equal to the spacing between the tabs 20 of a superposed shingle 19 so that the tabs of the latter two driven nails. As the driven nails pass through underlying shingles, each shingle is accordingly secured at additional points. This effects a marked economy in labor time and cost of applying the roofing. For instance, my dual-form shingles require only 225 nails per square as compared with 320 nails required to apply a square of conventional square-butt shingles.

What I claim is:

1. A roofing of dual-form shingles laid in overlapping courses, each course being formed of a plurality of primary and secondary shingles, the primary shingles being all of the same form applied side by side in abuttal, both said primary and secondary shingles having parallel upper and lower edges, a portion of the lower edges of both the primary and secondary shingles forming a butt edge adapted to be exposed when said shingles are laid on a roof, each primary shingle having a pair of slits extending upwardly from its lower edge, said pair of slits being located at the opposite sides of and defining the exposed butt edge of said primary shingle, the secondary shingles cooperating with but being shorter and of different form from the primary shingles, said secondary shingles being superposed upon and covering the region of the joint between each pair of primary shingles, said secondary shingles each having a locking tab at 'the bottom of each side edge, said locking tabs extending through the proximate slits of the pair of primary shingles, the joint between which is covered by said secondary shingles and lying, respectively, beneath the exposed butt portions of said pair of primary shingles, the distance between the locking tabs of the secondary shingles being substantially equal to the distance between the slits of the primary shingles, the exposed butt edge portions of the secondary shingles in each course being in alignment with the exposed butt edge portions of the primary shingles.

2. A roofing as set forth in claim 1 in which the lower edges of the locking tabs of the secondary shingles are a continuation of the butt edges of said secondary shingles.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,462,772 Snyder et al June 24, 1923 1,469,041 Guy Sept. 25, 1923 1,510,534 Abraham Oct. 7, 1924 2,038,192 Overbury Apr. 21, 1936 

